Diabetes is a common, metabolic disease, that results in a high level of blood sugar. Patients diagnosed with diabetes suffer from a body that cannot effectively use the insulin or cannot produce a sufficient amount of insulin. Providing a method of detection via symptoms that can be noticed by the patient can prompt the patient to seek medical assistance more promptly and in turn to be correctly diagnosed and treated. This paper proposed a solution for the problem using machine learning techniques. We applied eight algorithms on a data set of 521 subjects. The results are compared to each

Biomedical applications of nanomaterials have received considerable attention and interest from many researchers over the past decade due to the key role they can play in enhancing public health. Different types of nanomaterials possess both diagnostic and therapeutic potential owing to their outstanding properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Herein, we present, analyze and provide significant insights and recent advances about the promising biomedical applications of nanoparticles including bioimaging of biological environments and its role as a significant tool for early detection

Once the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak to be pandemic, massive efforts have been launched by researchers around the globe to combat this emerging infectious disease. Here we review the most recent data on the novel SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. We analyzed its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and current medications. After that, we summarized the promising drug delivery application of nanomaterial-based systems. Their preparation routes, unique advantages over the traditional drug delivery routes and their toxicity though risk analysis were also covered

Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles are one of the highly significant compounds in construction. The novelty concentrated on using sol–gel technique coupled with ultrasonication for synthesis of MgO nanoparticles to prevent the agglomeration and its effect on the size was investigated. The synthesized samples were characterized by TGA, DSC, XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX mapping, DLS, and HRTEM. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of MgO nanoparticles were investigated against multidrug-resistant microbes causing-urinary tract infection (UTI). TGA, XRD, and FTIR characterization were used to

An analytical model for the filtration efficiency of face masks is developed. The model considers the effect of gap leakage due to the improper fitting of the face mask in the reduction of the effective filtration efficiency. The model is also extended to include the case with multiple face masks. The model results are verified using experimental data from literature. It is shown that the adverse effect of the gap leakage depends on the face mask filtration and leakage characteristics. It is also shown that wearing more than one face mask might not always be beneficial in some scenarios

This study presents solutions for improving a bending awkward posture in steel industry in Egypt using digital Human Modeling (DHM). The information is gathered by interviewing the workers, working postures are recorded via a video camera while the worker is performing his usual work. The postures are analyzed using DHM software. Porter comfort analysis and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment are applied for postures analysis. The analysis shows high levels of discomfort in neck, trunk, leg and forearm. These discomforts could cause permanent injuries over long periods. A modified design is proposed

The novelty of the present work looks in the synthesis of aqueous dispersed selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) using gamma rays with the aid of various natural macromolecules such as citrus pectin (CP), sodium alginate (Alg), chitosan (CS) and aqueous extract of fermented fenugreek powder (AEFFP) using Pleurotus ostreatus for investigating their impact in vitro toward carcinoma cell. The synthesized Se NPs were characterized by XRD, UV–Vis., DLS, HRTEM, SEM, EDX and FTIR. Nucleation and growth mechanisms were also discussed. The factorial design was applied to examine the importance of multiple

The purposes of this work are to evaluate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer, and antioxidant abilities of anisotropic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized by a cost-effective and eco-friendly sol–gel method. The synthesized ZnO NPs were entirely characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, zeta potential, SEM mapping, BET surface analyzer, and EDX elemental analysis. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of ZnO NPs were investigated against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and yeast causing serious diseases like urinary tract infection (UTI). The anticancer activity was

Substitutions of cations were considered to be the main way for improving the performance of ferrite nanocrystalline structures. In this paper, non-magnetic and magnetic ions were conducted to substitute cobalt spinel ferrite nanoparticles CoFe2O4 NPs (CFO NPs). The studied Co1−xMxFe2O4; M = Zn, Cu, and Mn; x = 0.00, and 0.50) samples were synthesized through a cost-effective sol–gel technique. The outstanding properties of the samples are addressed using XRD, FTIR, the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), Raman analyses, HR-TEM, BET surface area analyzer, the

In this research, irradiation by gamma rays was employed as an eco-friendly route for the construction of bimetallic silver-gold nanoparticles (Ag-Au NPs), while Gum Arabic polymer was used as a capping agent. Ag-Au NPs were characterized through UV–Vis., XRD, EDX, HR-TEM, FTIR, SEM/mapping and EDX analysis. Antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities were examined against some bacteria and Candida sp. isolates from diabetic foot patients. Our results revealed that the synthesis of Ag-Au NPs depended on the concentrations of tetra-chloroauric acid and silver nitrate. HR-TEM analysis confirmed the